2001-2005
2006-2010
2011-2014
2015-2020
post-2021
No Voting Reform
Candidate-Centered Voting Reform
Before 2011
Untreated
Not Highly Educated
High educational attainment
Does not feel close to party
Feels close to party
Did not vote in previous election
Little to no interest
(Very) strong interest in Politics
Male
Female
16-17
18-20
21-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-59
60-69
70+
Bremen
Hamburg
Baden-Württemberg
Bayern
Hessen
Niedersachsen
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Rheinland-Pfalz
Saarland
Schleswig-Holstein
Berlin
Brandenburg
Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
Sachsen
Sachsen-Anhalt
Thüringen
Yes, certainly
Yes, probably
Probably not
Certainly not
Already voted by mail
NA